Umfutho kaphethiloli wenjini ye-diesel uzoba phansi kakhulu noma ungabi nengcindezi ngenxa yokuguga kwezingxenye zenjini, ukuhlanganisa okungafanele noma amanye amaphutha. Amaphutha afana nokucindezela kukaphethiloli okweqile noma isikhombi esizungezayo segeji yokucindezela. Ngenxa yalokho, kwenzeka izingozi ekusetshenzisweni kwemishini yokwakha, okuholela ekulahlekelweni okungadingekile.
1. Umfutho ophansi kaphethiloli
Lapho ingcindezi ekhonjiswa igeji yomfutho kaphethiloli itholakala ingaphansi kwenani elivamile (0.15-0.4 MPa), misa umshini ngokushesha. Ngemva kokulinda imizuzu engu-3-5, khipha isikali sikaphethiloli ukuze uhlole ikhwalithi kanye nenani likaphethiloli. Uma inani likaphethiloli linganele, kufanele lifakwe. Uma i-viscosity yamafutha iphansi, izinga likaphethiloli liyakhuphuka futhi iphunga likaphethiloli livela, uphethiloli uxubene nophethiloli. Uma isibaseli simhlophe qhwa, singamanzi axutshwe kuphethiloli. Hlola futhi uqede ukuvuza kukaphethiloli noma amanzi bese ubuyisela uphethiloli njengoba kudingeka. Uma uphethiloli uhlangabezana nezidingo zalolu hlobo lwenjini kadizili futhi nenani lanele, khulula ipulaki yesikulufu sephaseji elikhulu likaphethiloli bese uvula i-crankshaft. Uma uphethiloli owengeziwe ukhishwa, imvume yokukhwelana yebheringi eyinhloko, ukuthwala induku yokuxhuma kanye nokuthwala i-camshaft kungase kube kukhulu kakhulu. Ukufakwa kwempahla kufanele kubhekwe futhi kulungiswe. Uma kukhona okukhipha uphethiloli okuncane, kungase kuvinjwe isihlungi, ukuvuza kwevalvu yokunciphisa ukucindezela noma ukulungiswa okungafanele. Ngalesi sikhathi, isihlungi kufanele sihlanzwe noma sihlolwe futhi i-valve yokunciphisa ukucindezela ilungiswe. Ukulungiswa kwe-valve yokunciphisa ukucindezela kufanele kwenziwe endaweni yokuhlola futhi akufanele kwenziwe ngokuthanda kwakho. Ukwengeza, uma i-fuel fuel igugile kakhulu noma i-gasket ye-seal yonakalisiwe, okwenza ukuthi ipompo ye-fuel ingapompi uphethiloli, kuzophinde kubangele ukuthi ukucindezela kwamafutha kube phansi kakhulu. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuyadingeka ukuhlola nokulungisa iphampu yamafutha. Uma kungekho okungavamile okutholakalayo ngemva kokuhlolwa okungenhla, kusho ukuthi isikali somfutho kaphethiloli asisebenzi futhi kudingeka kushintshwe negauge entsha ye-pressure gauge.
2. Akukho ukucindezela kukaphethiloli
Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemishini yokwakha, uma inkomba kaphethiloli ikhanyisa futhi iphoyinti lokulinganisa umfutho kaphethiloli likhomba ku-0, umshini kufanele umiswe ngokushesha futhi umlilo umiswe. Bese uhlola ukuthi ipayipi likaphethiloli liyavuza kakhulu yini ngenxa yokuqhuma kungazelelwe. Uma kungekho ukuvuza kukaphethiloli okukhulu ngaphandle kwenjini, khulula ukuhlangana kwegeji ye-pressure gauge. Uma uphethiloli uphuma ngokushesha, igeji ye-pressure gauge iyalimala. Njengoba isihlungi sikaphethiloli sifakwe ku-cylinder block, ngokuvamile kufanele kube nomcamelo wephepha. Uma i-cushion yephepha ifakwe ngokungalungile noma imbobo yokufaka uphethiloli ixhunywe nembobo yamafutha kazwelonke, uphethiloli awukwazi ukungena emgudwini omkhulu wamafutha. Lokhu kuyingozi impela, ikakhulukazi enjinini kadizili esanda kulungiswa kabusha. Uma kungekho zenzakalo ezingavamile ezitholwa ngamasheke angenhla, iphutha lingase libe kwiphampu yamafutha futhi iphampu yamafutha idinga ukubhekwa futhi ilungiswe.
3. Ukucindezela kukaphethiloli okweqile
Ebusika, uma injini kadizili isanda kuqaliswa, kutholakala ukuthi umfutho kaphethiloli uphezulu futhi izokwehla ibe ngokwejwayelekile uma isishisiwe. Uma inani elibonisiwe legeji yomfutho kaphethiloli lisadlula inani elivamile, i-valve yokunciphisa ukucindezela kufanele ilungiswe ukuze ihlangabezane nenani elishiwo. Ngemva kokusebenza, uma umfutho kaphethiloli usephezulu kakhulu, uhlobo lukaphethiloli ludinga ukuhlolwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi i-viscosity kaphethiloli iphezulu kakhulu yini. Uma uphethiloli ungenayo i-viscous, kungenzeka ukuthi ipayipi likaphethiloli lokugcoba livalekile futhi lihlanzwe ngophethiloli wedizili ohlanzekile. Ngenxa yokugcoba okungekuhle kaphethiloli we-diesel, kungenzeka kuphela ukuzungezisa isiqalisi nge-crankshaft imizuzu engu-3-4 ngesikhathi sokuhlanza (qaphela ukuthi injini akufanele iqalwe). Uma injini kufanele iqalwe ukuze ihlanzwe, ingahlanzwa ngemva kokuxuba u-2/3 kaphethiloli kanye ne-1/3 kaphethiloli isikhathi esingekho ngaphezu kwemizuzu emi-3.
4. Isikhombi segeji ye-pressure gauge sijikela emuva naphambili
Ngemva kokuqala injini ye-diesel, uma i-pointer ye-gauge ye-fuel pressure gauge iphindela emuva naphambili, i-gauge ye-fuel gauge kufanele ikhishwe kuqala ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi uphethiloli wanele yini, futhi uma kungenjalo, uphethiloli ofanelekayo kufanele wengezwe ngokwezinga. I-valve ye-bypass kufanele ihlolwe uma kukhona uphethiloli owanele. Uma isiphethu se-valve ye-bypass sikhubazekile noma sinokunwebeka okwanele, isiphethu se-valve ye-bypass kufanele sishintshwe; Uma i-valve ye-bypass ingavali kahle, kufanele ilungiswe
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-21-2020
